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I’m spending less on food

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Marius Hancu - 25 Jul 2009 12:53 GMT
Hello:

"I’m spending less on food, just enough to survive, and (I'm)/(am)
losing weight as a result!"

Would you agree that "less" may be seen as both a noun and an adverb
here?

Thanks.
Marius Hancu
Peter Duncanson (BrE) - 25 Jul 2009 13:17 GMT
>Hello:
>
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
>Would you agree that "less" may be seen as both a noun and an adverb
>here?

Not simultaneously.

I'd describe "less" as an adjective being used as a noun standing for
the phrase "less money" with "money" being implied.

 I’m spending less on food and spending less time eating food.

Signature

Peter Duncanson, UK
(in alt.usage.english)

Marius Hancu - 25 Jul 2009 13:33 GMT
On Jul 25, 8:17 am, "Peter Duncanson (BrE)" <m...@peterduncanson.net>
wrote:

> >"I’m spending less on food, just enough to survive, and (I'm)/(am)
> >losing weight as a result!"
[quoted text clipped - 12 lines]
> Peter Duncanson, UK
> (in alt.usage.english)

How about:

-----
less

Function: adverb

2 : more emphatically not <they were not attacking the churches, still
less religion as such -- Elmer Davis>

Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged.
----

The meaning in this definition seems to me to parallel the one in the
original posting:

attacking less
spending less

Thanks.
Marius Hancu
Peter Duncanson (BrE) - 25 Jul 2009 14:50 GMT
>On Jul 25, 8:17 am, "Peter Duncanson (BrE)" <m...@peterduncanson.net>
>wrote:
[quoted text clipped - 34 lines]
>attacking less
>spending less

As Glenn has said: spending needs an object: "less" meaning "less
money".

In the Webster's example the objects of the (non-)attacks were "the
churches" and "religion". The phrase "still less" is adverbial.

Signature

Peter Duncanson, UK
(in alt.usage.english)

Marius Hancu - 25 Jul 2009 15:33 GMT
On Jul 25, 9:50 am, "Peter Duncanson (BrE)" <m...@peterduncanson.net>
wrote:

> As Glenn has said: spending needs an object

I'm not sure this is always the case. There's also the intransitive
version:

---
spend

intransitive verb
1 : to expend money or other possession <spends without any thought
for the next day>

M-W U
-----

Marius Hancu
Peter Duncanson (BrE) - 25 Jul 2009 15:50 GMT
>On Jul 25, 9:50 am, "Peter Duncanson (BrE)" <m...@peterduncanson.net>
>wrote:
[quoted text clipped - 13 lines]
>M-W U
>-----

Interesting.

I am not a grammarian. I would describe that use as transitive with an
implicit object.

The intransitive senses given by OED are obsolete, slang or dialect. the
non-obsolete are:

   To ejaculate; to have an orgasm. slang.

   Of foodstuffs, wheat, hay, etc.: To turn out or prove in use to be
   of a certain quality; to last or hold out well. Now dial.

   dial. To produce or yield (well).

Signature

Peter Duncanson, UK
(in alt.usage.english)

Glenn Knickerbocker - 25 Jul 2009 22:23 GMT
>I'm not sure this is always the case. There's also the intransitive
>version:

That's why I said "wants" rather than "needs."  Even if you *meant*
"less" as an adverb, the transitive sense is so much stronger that the
listener wouldn't hear it that way.  You'd have to fill in an object to
make it clear.

"I'm spending my money less on food than on convenience," for instance,
uses "less" as an adverb and says that convenience is the main value
you're concerned with, and nothing about the actual relative costs.  You
might be buying caviar because you happen to be in an import store,
instead of the Cheez Wiz you would have been happy with.  If you tried to
say this as "I'm spending less on food than on convenience," "less" would
be heard as the object instead, and it would pretty strictly imply that
you're paying more than a 100% premium for convenience--five bucks for
that jar of Cheez Wiz in the corner store when you could get it for two
in the supermarket.

¬R  / Darla:  Leftovers aren't the mark of a man. \ www.bestweb.net/~notr
Andrew Reid:  Actually, they are, because that's how men's shirts button.
Marius Hancu - 26 Jul 2009 07:34 GMT
> >I'm not sure this is always the case. There's also the intransitive
> >version:
[quoted text clipped - 14 lines]
> that jar of Cheez Wiz in the corner store when you could get it for two
> in the supermarket.

Thanks. Now I'm getting you. Interesting points.

Marius Hancu
Glenn Knickerbocker - 25 Jul 2009 13:42 GMT
>Would you agree that "less" may be seen as both a noun and an adverb
>here?

Nope.  Strictly a noun.  "Spend" wants an object.

¬R  "I love Blip just because it's the absolute opposite of fun"
http://users.bestweb.net/~notr/travelog/19990710.html     --Kibo
contrex - 26 Jul 2009 11:15 GMT
> "Spend" wants an object.

As Oscar Wilde's jockey friend found out?
 
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